Grade required: A
No chat got or plagerisim
Must be in your own words
reply to these 2 discussion posts using APA format in text citation and APA format reference at the end.
1)
- Explainthe components of a nutritional assessment. What important subjectiveand objective assessment findings will assist a nurse in developing anutritional plan?
Thecomponents of a nutritional assessment include diet history, weight,height, BMI, lab values, and risk/social factors. The diet historyassess the foods, fluids, and supplements a person is taking, as well asthe time, type, and amount (ATI, 2023). Weight, height, and BMI alldetermine whether a person is within a healthy range. Labs include theprotein levels, fluid I&O, prealbumin, and nitrogen balance.Nitrogen balance is the relationship between protein breakdown andsynthesis (ATI, 2023). Prealbumin assesses the clients that are at riskfor malnutrition (ATI, 2023). Protein levels can help determine ifsomeone has an injury or kidney disease due to protein malnutrition(ATI, 2023). Risk and social factors include biophysical factors,psychological factors, economic stability, nutrition literacy, andhealth care (ATI, 2023). Subjective findings are anything the patientstates. For example, if a patient states that they are thirsty, we canassume that they have not been drinking enough fluids. Objectivefindings are things that we can see such as skin turgor, dry skin,sores, vital signs, etc. These are all things that can help develop anutritional plan.
- Explain the importance ofmacronutrients in maintaining nutritional health. Describe thepathophysiology of one disorder that affects the normal metabolism of amacronutrient.
Macronutrients are your proteins,carbohydrates, and lipids. Carbohydrates provide energy for cells andhelp regulate protein and fat metabolism (ATI, 2023). Proteins helpbuild and maintain tissues, and are a backup source of energy (ATI,2023). They also function in balancing nitnorgen and water and thesupport of metabolic processes and the immune system (ATI, 2023). Fatfunctions as a form of stored energy and helps the body with maintainingbody temperatures, padding the organs, hormone production, and thestructural material found in cell walls (ATI, 2023). Carbohydrates arethe macronutrients affected in diabetes patients. When carbohydrates areconsumed, the body breaks it down into glucose, which delivers energyto the body (MedicalNewsToday, 2021). When blood glucose levels arehigh, the pancreas releases insulin (MedicalNewsToday, 2021). However,in diabetes insulin levels are low or absent, which can cause highlevels of glucose (MedicalNewsToday, 2021).
References:
ATI Content Mastery Series Review Module: Nutrition for Nursing 8.0 ed.
Diabetes and metabolism: The impact of type 1 and type 2. (2021, September 23).
2)
- Explainthe components of a nutritional assessment. What important subjectiveand objective assessment findings will assist a nurse in developing anutritional plan?
A nutritionalassessment is a thorough evaluation of a person’s dietarychoices/intake, lifestyle adoptions, and overall health to determinetheir nutritional status. It involves gathering both subjective andobjective data to develop an appropriate nutritional assessment. Tobreak it down ever further the NCP states five key components withinthe assessment of which include, food or nutrition-related history,biochemical data/medical tests/procedures, anthropometric measurements,nutrition-focused physical findings, and client history. (Kesari, 2023,para 6).
Subjective assessment findings that would assist anurse in the development in a nutritional plan includes: patientsdietary history (meal patterns, dietary restrictions, and foodpreferences), medical history (taking to consideration of any existingmedical conditions that could affect nutritional status and anymedications or supplements the patient is taking), psychosocial history(economic status, social support, cultural or religious beliefs, andlifestyle choices like smoking/ alcohol), family history (taking in toaccount of any genetic predispositions to diseases), and finallysymptoms that cant be measured for example nausea.
Objectiveassessment findings that would assist a nurse in the development in anutritional plan includes measurements (height and weight which is usedto calculate BMI (Body Mass Index), which can tell the nurse if theperson is underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese),waist-to-hip ratio (fat distribution through the body). Laboratory testslike blood tests (glucose levels, albumin, and CBC) and urine tests(can give us information about the kidneys status). Physical examinationof which includes the patients general appearance, nails, skin, hair,muscle mass/strength, and oral health. Lastly nutritional screening toollisted by NCP include: Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ): Assesseshow often certain food groups are consumed over a specific period, andMalnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST): A quick screening tool toidentify adults who are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition(Kesari, 2023, para 8).
- Explain the importance ofmacronutrients in maintaining nutritional health. Describe thepathophysiology of one disorder that affects the normal metabolism of amacronutrient.
Macronutrients are necessary nutrients thatthe body requires to function properly on a day-to-day basis. Theyinclude fats, proteins, carbohydrates, all of which play a crucial rolein maintaining overall health. Carbohydrates provide us with energy, itis the main source of food for our cells, proteins allow for properwound healing and building muscle, since they are packed with aminoacids, and fats help with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Onecondition that affects the normal metabolism of macronutrients isdiabetes type two. With this specific condition there is an imbalance ofinsulin that leads to the body becoming resistant to it. So eventuallycells will not be able to absorb glucose in the blood and fat cant bemetabolized but instead stored, leading to hyperglycemia because ofincreased levels of free fatty acids in the blood. (Kaczor, 2021).
References:
DilworthL, Facey A, Omoruyi F. Diabetes Mellitus and Its MetabolicComplications: The Role of Adipose Tissues. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jul 16.
KesariA, Noel JY. Nutritional Assessment. [Updated 2023 Apr 10]. TreasureIsland (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from:
Rubric:When writing your initial post (the one that answers the discussionquestion) you must discuss the question and support your informationwith the text as well as an outside scholarly resource. Be sure to citethe information you use with in-text citations and post the resource inAPA format.
You must respond to at least two students in eachprompt, on two separate days, each week for full credit. You may respondto a fellow classmate or you may answer a question I pose. They willboth be counted as your required responses. When posting your peerresponses, posts that are “Good job” or “Good post, I learned so much”type of response postings will not be accepted as substantial postings.To receive full credit you need to have a substantial response post. Youneed to either add additional information to another’s post, clarifyinformation or provide examples which will prove the point. Do not ask another student a question as a response post. If you have a question, look up the information and share it with the class.Remember any information you post as a fact must be supported byevidence. When thinking about what information needs referenced, unlessyou did the actual research to discover the information, you must citeit. Even information you learned in other classes, this information camefrom some resource and you must give the author credit.
I wantto stress that I will not give credit for “great post” types of posts orquestions to other students. Do not just restate what someone elsewrote and say you never knew that. I want you to be able to apply thecontent to your nursing practice.
You may need to do some extra work to post a good response post, but that is why you are here…..to learn.
Thediscussions are available to post in from Monday – Sunday. Do not postprior to Monday of the discussion week. Your initial post must be postedon or before Wednesday and your response postings must be completed bySunday 1159 pm PST. To meet the participation requirements you must poston 3 days. No discussion posts will be accepted after Sunday.
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